In the past few years, NBS-LRR genes in several plant species have been isolated via genome-wide analysis, including mango ( Mangifera indica) ( Lei et al., 2014), cassava ( Manihot esculenta) ( Lozano et al., 2015 Utsumi et al., 2016), sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor) ( Yang and Wang, 2016), wheat ( Triticum aestivum) ( Li et al., 2017), cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum) ( Deng et al., 2019), maize ( Zea mays) ( Xu et al., 2018), soybean ( Glycine max) ( Zhao et al., 2018), grapevine ( Vitis vinifera) ( Goyal et al., 2020), and yam ( Dioscorea rotundata) ( Zhang et al., 2020). japonica) genome ( Goff et al., 2002 Chen et al., 2015), constituting about 1.5% of its 40,000 genes ( Goff et al., 2002). For instance, there are 150–175 NBS-LRR genes in Arabidopsis thaliana genome ( Meyers et al., 2003 Joshi et al., 2011), constituting about 0.6% of its 25,000 genes, and there are approximately 600 NBS-LRR genes in rice ( Oryza sativa ssp. In plant genome, about 0.2–1.6% of genes are predicted as NBS-LRR-coding genes ( Jia et al., 2015). Based on the N-terminal domains, NBS-LRR was usually divided into three subclasses, namely TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL), CC-NBS-LRR (CNL), and RPW8-NBS-LRR (RNL) proteins ( Shao et al., 2006). The amino terminal ( N-terminal) of NBS-LRR proteins usually contain the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-like (TIR) domain, coiled-coil (CC) domain, or resistance to powdery mildew 8 (RPW8) domain, and the carboxyl terminus (C-terminus) contain a zinc-finger transcription factor-related domain containing the WRKY sequence (WRKY domain) ( Shao et al., 2006). Among them, genes encoding nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains are important R genes in plants ( van der Hoorn and Kamoun, 2008 Pandolfi et al., 2017). In the past 30 years, more than 300 R genes have been cloned from many plant species ( Kourelis and van der Hoorn, 2018). R genes are specifically involved in the response to diverse pathogens, including fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, insects, and oomycetes ( Dalio et al., 2017). Our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of cassava resistance against Xam inoculation.ĭisease resistance genes ( R genes) usually act as receptors of pathogen-encoded effector proteins, which are often secreted by pathogens directly into host cells ( Urbach and Ausubel, 2017). tomato, Alternaria brassicicola, and Botrytis cinerea. These pathogenic microorganisms include Pseudomonas syringae pv. Additionally, we revealed that MeLRRs positively regulated disease resistance in Arabidopsis. During cassava- Xam interaction, MeLRRs positively regulated endogenous SA and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and pathogenesis-related gene 1 ( PR1) transcripts. Four MeLRR genes positively regulate cassava disease general resistance against Xam via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and transient overexpression. In this study, we isolated four MeLRR genes and assessed their expression under salicylic acid (SA) treatment and Xam inoculation. However, the in vivo roles of NBS-LRR remain unclear in cassava ( Manihot esculenta). Genes encoding nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains are among the most important disease resistance genes in plants that are specifically involved in the response to diverse pathogens. manihotis ( Xam) seriously affects cassava yield.
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